Redevelopment of Manila City Jail Essay

Manila, Philippines—Filinvest Land Inc. has bagged a deal to redevelop a 1. 2-hectare property owned by the government that was the site of the old Cebu City jail on Salinas Drive in Lahug to turn it into a business process outsourcing complex. In a disclosure to the Philippine Stock Exchange on Tuesday, the property developer announced that it had submitted the winning build-transfer-operate proposal and complied with the requirements contained in the notice of award from the Economic Enterprise Council under the Office of the Governor of the Province of Cebu. The lot used to be occupied by the Bagong Buhay Rehabilitation Center and the Cebu City Treatment and Rehabilitation Center. â€Å"FLI remains bullish on the BPO sector and is rapidly expanding its office portfolio to meet the needs of the industry,† the disclosure said. â€Å"FLI believes that Cebu, in particular, has good potential for this business. † This represents an expansion of FLI’s interest in Cebu. It is currently developing the 50. 6-hectare Citta di Mare in the South Road Properties. Two mid-rise building projects, Amalfi Oasis and San Remo Oasis, are also currently being constructed under a joint venture with the Cebu City Government. Land development works on the Il Corso lifestyle strip are likewise ongoing. Other ongoing projects of FLI include One Oasis Cebu, a 3. 7 hectare mid-rise development with a total of 10 buildings adjacent to the Cebu Golf and Country Club. Two buildings have been completed and a third is targeted for completion by year-end. Finally, FLI’s Grand Cenia Hotel and Residences condotel has recently started operations as Quest Hotel and Conference Center, a three-star hotel complete with business and conference facilities. The Cebu project also scales up FLI’s BPO portfolio. As of the end of 2011, it had over 170,000 square meters of gross leasable area (GLA) from 12 buildings in Northgate Cyberzone in Filinvest Corporate City in Muntinlupa City and PBCom Tower in Makati City. At Northgate Cyberzone, another building is currently under construction and will add close to 20,000 square meters of GLA in the first half of 2013, while a 14th building is targeted to break ground within the year with a GLA of 13,000 square meters. Vector Two, which was completed in the fourth quarter of 2011, is fully taken-up and has been turned over for tenant fit-outs, the disclosure said. Meanwhile, FLI is constructing a five-storey building along EDSA across the Asian Development Bank building which is expected to be completed within 2012.

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The Impact of Music on Language & Early Literacy: A Research Summary In Support of Kindermusik’s ABC Music & Me The Impact of Music on Language & Early Literacy: A Research Summary In Support of Kindermusik’s ABC Music & Me Introduction Early childhood classroom teachers believe in the power of music to engage children. What scientifically based research supports the use of music and musical instruction to build early literacy skills?This research summary answers that question, providing support to educators who wish to integrate music and musical instruction into their early language and literacy programs in schools. This research summary reviews high-quality experimental studies conducted in classrooms with young children receiving music education, plus relevant brain research that focuses on the impact of musical instruction on the brain.The impact of music and musical instruction on early language and literacy development for young children is examined in the follow ing areas: †¢ ReadingComprehensionandVerbalMemory †¢ ListeningSkills †¢ Vocabulary,includingforEnglishLanguageLearners †¢ PhonologicalandPhonemicAwareness †¢ WritingandPrintAwareness †¢ ImpactonChildrenwithDisabilities †¢ FamilyInvolvement The research summarized below provides strong support for including music and musical instruction in the earlychildhoodclassroom.Importantly,thisrecommendationismadenotjustforthevalueofthemusical experience itself, but also because of the impact music and musical instruction can have on young children’s development of language and early literacy. Music Instruction & Reading Scores Linked Readingcomprehensionisseenasâ€Å"theessenceofreading†(Durkin,1993)andthedesiredoutcomeof reading instruction, including the focus of assessment on standardized reading tests starting in third grade.Comprehensionisdefinedasâ€Å"intentionalthinkingduringwhichmeaningisconstructedthroughinteractions betweentextandrea der†(Harris&Hodges,1995). Anumberofresearchstudieshavefoundthatchildrenwhoparticipateinmusicinstructiontendtoscorehigher on tests of reading comprehension than children who do not participate in musical instruction. †¢ Ameta-analysisof25correlationalstudies,someinvolvingsamplesizesofover500,000students, foundaâ€Å"strongandreliableassociation†betweenmusicinstructionandscoresontestsofreading comprehension(Butzlaff,2000). Astudyof4,739elementaryandmiddleschoolstudentsinfourregionsoftheUnitedStatesrevealed astrongrelationshipbetweenelementary(third-orfourth-grade)students’academicachievementas measuredbytestscoresandtheirparticipationinhigh-qualitymusicprograms(Johnson&Memmott, 2006). While these studies are appealing, one cannot conclude from correlational studies alone that the music instruction was the cause of the gains in reading scores. To answer that question, we turn to the experimental studies that involved pre- and post-testing of young children rece iving classroom music education.Theauthorsofaclassicstudy(Hurwitzetal,1975)askedwhethermusictrainingimprovedreading performance in first grade children. The experimental group received musical instruction including listening to folk songs with an emphasis the listening for melodic and rhythmic elements. The control group consisted ofchildrenwhowerematchedinage,IQ,andsocioeconomicstatusandwhoreceivednospecialtreatment. Aftertraining,themusicgroupexhibitedsignificantlyhigherreadingscoresthandidthecontrolgroup,scoring inthe88thpercentileversusthe72ndpercentile.Moreover,continuedmusicaltrainingwasbeneficial;afteran additional year of musical training, the experimental group’s reading comprehension scores were still superior to the control group’s scores. These findings provide initial support for the view that musicinstructionfacilitatestheabilitytoread. More recent research focuses on the specific impact of music instruction on the subprocesses involved in successful read ing. Researchersbelievethatmusicinstruction impacts a student’s brain functioning in processing language, which in turn impacts reading subprocesses like phonemic awareness and vocabulary.These subprocesses ultimately impact a student’s ability to read with comprehension. Music Instruction Improves Verbal Memory Research Into Practice: ABC Music & Me Kindermusik’sABCMusic&Mehelpsteachers engage young children in language- and literacy-rich musical activities that include playful instruction in foundational music skills andinstrumentexploration. Researchsuggests that engaging young children in these types of musical activities are correlated with later success in reading comprehension.Anotherwayinwhichmusicinstructionmaypositivelyimpactreadingabilityisthroughincreasedverbal memory. The findings linking music training to verbal memory are important because verbal memory is essentialforreadingprintedwordswithcomprehension. Asreadingprogressestosentencesandtextsof g reater lengths, verbal memory allows a child to retain material in memory as it is being read so that syntactic andsemanticanalysesnecessarytocomprehensioncanbeperformed.Verbalmemoryisessentialforall childrenlearningtoread(Brady,1991;StoneandBrady,1995),andpoorperformanceinverbalmemoryhas beenassociatedwithreadingdisabilitiesforyoungchildren(AckermanandDykman,1993;Cornwall,1992; Scarborough,1998). Recentbrainandpsychologicalresearchshowsthatmusicinstructioncanhaveapositiveimpactonverbal memory. †¢ Astudyofninety6-to15-year-oldboysfoundthatthosewithmusictraininghadsignificantlybetter verbal learning and retention abilities. The longer the duration of the music training, the better the verbalmemory(Ho,Cheung,&Chan,2003).Afollow-upstudyconcludedthattheeffectwascausal. The authors suggest that the cause of the increase in verbal memory was neuroanatomical changes in the brains of children who were playing music. †¢ Anotherstudyfoundthatlearningtoplaya musical instrument enhanc es the brain’s ability Research Into Practice: ABC Music & Me torememberwords. â€Å"Adultswithmusictraining ABCMusic&Meengageschildreninactive in their childhood demonstrate better verbal music-making with a variety of musical memory,†accordingtostudyauthorChan. instruments both in the classroom and at Thisbrainresearchwith60adultsshowedthat home.Researchsuggeststhatthisearly musicians have enlarged left cranial temporal experience may improve children’s verbal regions of the brain, which is the area involved in memory, an important factor in successful processingheardinformation. Asaresult,people text comprehension for later stages of reading withmusictrainingcouldremember17%more development. verbal information than those without music training(Chanetal,1998). Music Helps Build Listening Skills â€Å"Learningtolistenisaprerequisitetolisteningtolearn,†stressesresearcherMayesky(1986).Listeningisthe first language mode that children acquire, and it provide s a foundation for all aspects of language and reading development. Listeningisaverylargepartofschoollearning,withstudentsspendinganestimated50to75 percentofclassroomtimelisteningtotheteacher,tootherstudents,ortomedia(Smith,1992). Despitethefrequencyoflisteningactivityinclassrooms,listeningskillsarenotfrequentlytaughtexplicitly (Hyslop&Tone,1988;Newton,1990). â€Å"Mostteachersteach,assumingthatbecausetheyaretalking,their studentsarelistening†(Swanson,1996).Asaresult,manychildrendonotacquirethelisteningskillsnecessary to acquire new knowledge and information. Too often listening is thought to be a natural skill that develops automatically, but in fact developing good listeningskillsrequiresexplicitinstruction. â€Å"Ifweexpectchildrentobecomegoodlisteners,†¦weneed to teach them to become activelisteners†(Jalongo, 1995). Directinstructioninlisteningskillsshouldinclude â€Å"lessonsdesignedtospecificallyteachandmodelthe skillsnecessaryforactivelistening†(Math eson,Moon &Winiecki,2000). Anexperimentalstudywithyoung English language earners showed that focused listening instruction can benefit listening comprehension for childrenlearningasecondlanguage(Goh&Taib,2006). Musicalactivitiesarecitedbyresearchersaseffective experiences for building listening skills in the classroom (Hirt-Mannheimer,1995;Wolf,1992),forbothmainstream classrooms and classrooms with children who have disabilities. (Humpal&Wolf,2003). Research Into Practice: ABC Music & Me EachunitofABCMusic&Megiveschildren not only the opportunity to listen actively to music, but also includes focused listening activities using music, non-musical sounds, andlanguage.Classroomroutineshelp teachers focus children’s attention on listening todirections. Read-aloudstoriesandsongs give children opportunities to practice listening to extended discourse. Recentbrainresearch(Flohretal,1996)showsthatmusictrainingchangesandimprovesbrainfunctioning relatedtolistening. Anexperimentalstudyw ithchildrenages4to6providedmusictrainingfor25minutesfor 7weeks,andthenmeasuredbrainactivity. ThosechildrenwhohadreceivedmusicaltrainingproducedEEG frequencies associated with increased cognitive processing and greater relaxation.Music Can Build Vocabulary, including for English Language Learners Manyeducationalresearcherspromotemusicasawayto enhance vocabulary acquisition and comprehension, and emphasize music’s ability to engage children in instruction (Fountas&Pinnell,1999;Miller&Coen,1994;Page,1995; Smith,2000;Wiggins,2007). Accordingtoeducationalresearchers,thereissubstantial evidence that children acquire vocabulary incidentally byreadingandlisteningtooralstories(Krashen,1989). Duringthepreschoolyearsbeforechildrencanread, children rely exclusively on the oral language they listen to in order to acquire

Case Pneumonia Essay Example for Free

Case Pneumonia Essay Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lungs caused by an infection. It is also called Pneumonitis or Bronchopneumonia. Pneumonia can be a serious threat to our health. Although pneumonia is a special concern for older adults and those with chronic illnesses, it can also strike young, healthy people as well. It is a common illness that affects thousands of people each year in the Philippines, thus, it remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the country. There are many kinds of pneumonia that range in seriousness from mild to life-threatening. In infectious pneumonia, bacteria, viruses, fungi or other organisms attack your lungs, leading to inflammation that makes it hard to breathe. Pneumonia can affect one or both lungs. In the young and healthy, early treatment with antibiotics can cure bacterial pneumonia. The drugs used to fight pneumonia are determined by the germ causing the pneumonia and the judgment of the doctor. It’s best to do everything we can to prevent pneumonia, but if one do get sick, recognizing and treating the disease early offers the best chance for a full recovery. A case with a diagnosis of Pneumonia may catch one’s attention, though the disease is just like an ordinary cough and fever, it can lead to death especially when no intervention or care is done. Since the case is a toddler, an appropriate care has to be done to make the patient’s recovery faster. Treating patients with pneumonia is necessary to prevent its spread to others and make them as another victim of this illness. The lungs constitute the largest organ in the respiratory system. They play an important role in respiration, or the process of providing the body with oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide. The lungs expand and contract up to 20 times per minute taking in and disposing of those gases. Air that is breathed in is filled with oxygen and goes to the trachea, which branches off into one of two bronchi. Each bronchus enters a lung. There are two lungs, one on each side of the breastbone and protected by the ribs. Each lung is made up of lobes, or sections. There are three lobes in the right lung and two lobes in the left one. The lungs are cone shaped and made of elastic, spongy tissue. Within the lungs, the bronchi branch out into minute pathways that go through the lung tissue. The pathways are called bronchioles, and they end at microscopic air sacs called alveoli. The alveoli are surrounded by capillaries and provide oxygen for the blood in these vessels. The oxygenated blood is then pumped by the heart throughout the body. The alveoli also take in carbon dioxide, which is then exhaled from the body. Inhaling is due to contractions of the diaphragm and of muscles between the ribs. Exhaling results from relaxation of those muscles. Each lung is surrounded by a two-layered membrane, or the pleura, that under normal circumstances has a very, very small amount of fluid between the layers. The fluid allows the membranes to easily slide over each other during breathing. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Pneumonia is a serious infection or inflammation of your lungs. The air sacs in the lungs fill with pus and other liquid. Oxygen has trouble reaching your blood. If there is too little oxygen in your blood, your body cells can’t work properly. Because of this and spreading infection through the body pneumonia can cause death. Pneumonia affects your lungs in two ways. Lobar pneumonia affects a section (lobe) of a lung. Bronchial pneumonia (or bronchopneumonia) affects patches throughout both lungs. Bacteria are the most common cause of pneumonia. Of these, Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common. Other pathogens include anaerobic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, C. psittaci, C. trachomatis, Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis, Legionella pneumophila, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and other gram-negative bacilli. Major pulmonary pathogens in infants and children are viruses: respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, and influenza A and B viruses. Among other agents are higher bacteria including Nocardia and Actinomyces sp; mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis and atypical strains; fungi, including Histoplasma capsulatum, Coccidioides immitis, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Pneumocystis carinii; and rickettsiae, primarily Coxiella burnetii (Q fever). The usual mechanisms of spread are inhaling droplets small enough to reach the alveoli and aspirating secretions from the upper airways. Other means include hematogenous or lymphatic dissemination and direct spread from contiguous infections. Predisposing factors include upper respiratory viral infections, alcoholism, institutionalization, cigarette smoking, heart failure, chronic obstructive airway disease, age extremes, debility, immunocompromise (as in diabetes mellitus and chronic renal failure), compromised consciousness, dysphagia, and exposure to transmissible agents. Typical symptoms include cough, fever, and sputum production, usually developing over days and sometimes accompanied by pleurisy. Physical examination may detect tachypnea and signs of consolidation, such as crackles with bronchial breath sounds. This syndrome is commonly caused by bacteria, such as S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae. NURSING PROFILE a. Patient’s Profile Name: R. C. S. B. Age: 1 yr,1 mo. Weight:10 kgs Religion: Roman Catholic Mother: C. B. Address: Valenzuela City b. Chief Complaint: Fever Date of Admission: 1st admission Case Pneumonia. (2018, Oct 16).

Enterpreneurship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Enterpreneurship - Essay Example It is evident that e-mail, the notable contribution of information technology provides users with a simple and inexpensive way of communication. Over the last decade, more high-tech communication facilities have been developed including voice over internet protocol telephones and smartphones, which allow personnel to communicate through live chat systems. Likewise, data management is another important role of information technology in modern organizations. As MacKechnie points out, many of the companies nowadays deploy digital versions of documents on storage devices in order to get rid of the troubles associated with bookkeeping. This system promotes easier and immediate access of data in a multinational corporation regardless of its geographical locations. In addition, the IT plays a notable role in managing the inventory levels of an organization. Since purchase, production, and distribution processes of a firm are connected by a computer system, it is possible to maintain effecti ve control over stock and to ensure inventory optimization. According to McAulay, the management Information Systems (MIS) greatly assist companies to accurately trace productivity levels, sales data, and operational expenses. Thus, the information gathered can be effectively employed to analyze profitability, to point out areas of improvement, and finally to increase returns on investment over time. Furthermore, Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system is an effective application of information technology that stores every interaction a company makes with its customers. Such a system aids the company to deliver improved services to its customers and thereby to maximize its sales volume. Impact of IT on entrepreneurs and their organizations According to John, since information technology plays a vital role in transferring technology from institute to industry, it greatly assists entrepreneurs by introducing technological changes in management and emphasizing on their relevance in the present environment. John adds that IT sector provides information to all business entrepreneurs without any discrimination (109). This easy accessibility to information has greatly aided entrepreneurs to focus more on their planned venture. In addition, IT also ensures that entrepreneurship is not concentrated in particular area or people. The affordability of information assisted entrepreneurs to bring greater and deeper improvements in their venture. The IT developments enhanced cross border information sharing and this situation greatly aided entrepreneurs across the globe to effectively plan their venture development process. The developments in information technology â€Å"will also bring about access to just-in-time information of business opportunities† (John, 109). The emergence of e-commerce was a milestone in business management that entirely restructured the way organizations provide value to external and internal customers. In short, the rampant developmen ts in IT sector including the introduction of e-commerce were helpful to entrepreneurs to redesign their operations so as to ensure increased customer satisfaction. 2. Differences in Asset Structure Across the global market, today’s economy is considered to be the â€Å"knowledge-based economy†, where the responsibility of creating value lies heavily on the various kinds of assets related to all kinds of knowledge, which is called the intangible

Meteorological Satellites Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Meteorological Satellites Systems - Essay Example These characteristics formed the basis on which most of the theoreticians worked on to provide information about the atmosphere. However, these characteristics ware not enough to provide more precise information about the atmosphere yet such information was of great significance in predicting meteorological parameters and conditions. The introduction of computers and mathematical models resulted in an increased demand for observational data that was adequately sampled and reliable both in time and space. This was due to the fact that the atmosphere forecast models depended strongly on the initial atmosphere state that had been reached at through assumptions. Better data was needed as even after this initial information, there were still many areas that were left without atmospheric soundings that were conventional. Before the discovery of weather satellites, the weathermen work was almost impossible as they were handicapped with very limited information before them about the atmosphe res state at any time (Kidder and VonderHarr, 1995). Even after the world war period when observational networks were expanded by most of the meteorological services from different nations, the global vast land areas that were sparsely populated as well as the large areas covered by oceans remained virtually blank with regards to conventional meteorological observations. The introduction of metrological satellites was a major step towards overcoming all these deficiencies. Satellite imagery has since its discovery proved to be a vital information source in forecasting operations. The images serve various important functions in the metrological field including; a tool used for analysis mostly when dealing with data from the tropics, a vital aid during forecast conducted in short periods before rainfall, cloud, and floods, serves as an input to weather prediction  models mostly dealing with numbers so as to define initial conditions, and used to monitor forecast models.

Success Strategies Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Success Strategies - Case Study Example The structure of the organization revolves around the entrepreneur who started the business. He is the manager of the plant. From his managing mandate, the organization has several departmental heads. They consist of the operations manager, finance, manager and the human resource. The organization has a limited staff working from the premises since it does not conduct many inside operations. The majority of a human resource consists of the drivers and packages. In the structure, the manager has the final say in all decisions made by the department heads. The other menial staff consists of cleaners and record keepers. The strategies embraced by the organization revolve around increasing the customers who take up transportation services. The competitor issue is also on the top subject to strategize on. The strategy of the organization is based on satisfying the needs of its target market. On satisfying the customers, offers and packages options are also given. Offers include giving monthly packages for individuals using cab services. Apart from customer satisfaction the company also gives etiquette lessons to its taxi and cab operators. This increases the customer staff relation which in turn leads to customers having confidence in the organization. The strategy works in the organization’s favor since the number of customers has been increasing at the start of every financial year. In another strategy, the organization aims at dealing more in providing services based on long-term contracts.

Health Financial Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Health Financial Management - Essay Example The goal that becomes the end in the health financial matters involves the creation of an operational knowledge network. Various opportunities arises that help in the application of a real life situations in matters relating to healthcare. It is also important to note a complete usage of spreadsheet. This knowledge system helps in the compilation of data in the most efficient way (McLean, 2003). Introduction Financial management of the health sector provides an easy approach that streamlines the labor health care intensively. The system of management helps to ensure an increase in the efficiency level, accuracy and reduced labor cost in the entire life of an enterprise. The implementation level provides the best solution if the optimal way is applied in the course of the operation of the business (Latimer, 2012). The National Case mix Scenario The National case under study is an Australian based program that ensures development of the Refined Diagnosis and the related groups. The cla ssification of this form of diagnosis includes the statistical body and the diagnosis centre. The statistical body is involved in the dealing and classification of disease related problems and other bodies. These include the coding standards, classification and intervention body and the modification segment (France, 2001). The model applied at the funding level created an alarming effect with senior members of the health department. This case was felt in the New South Wales with great magnitude. The magnitude emanated from the opposition in the funding process. The hospital association in Australia accepted the idea of funding. Believe in the ideology of better performance evolved from the existence of favorable arrangements at the time. Later, a committee for case mix evolved. It performed the work of determination of clinical changes as per the US regulations. This gave rise to the creation of Australian National and Australian Refined. The entire national case system gets fund fr om the Australian health department. The seventh edition of Australian modification happens to take place at the end of June 2013. Another event will also unfold on first of July 2013. This event will feature under the seventh edition partnership program. The seventh edition will ensure that planning and implementation takes place in the entire phase of the heath management (Willis, Reynolds & Helen, 2008). National Health and Hospitals Reform Commission (NHHRC) Report The birth of COAG is a signaling factor to the NHHRC. The COAG had a meeting that raised important agendas to focus on the NHHRC (Appleby & Aroney, 2012). Some of the recommendations included the requirement on the address of peculiar issues of regulation as a rule in the commonwealth. The Council of Australian Government (COAG) body had an agreement to increase the funding requirements of the state aimed to increase health issues. The funding initiative had a focus on capacity improvement as a main goal. It is impera tively important to appreciate work performed by the COAG (Crase, 2008). The body comprises of on dignitaries including the prime minister and other state dignitaries. The body schedules to have a meeting on April 13 2012 at Canberra. The main agendas at any meeting must revolve at some of the most important issues like the major reforms, delivery of Medicaid and the funding level aimed at the sustainability of the

Jurisdiction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Jurisdiction - Essay Example There are various types of jurisdiction; among the types of jurisdictions are: in personam and subject matter. A court must have both in personam and subject matter jurisdictions, in order to preside over a case. Subject matter jurisdiction refers to the authority over the matter in dispute. It concerns what types of disputes may be heard by which courts. The in personam jurisdiction is referred to as the authority over a person (Garvin, 2002). All trial courts have either limited jurisdictions or general jurisdictions; limited jurisdictions are limited to certain types of cases, for instance, bankruptcy court, tax court and housing court. General jurisdiction courts have the power to hear various cases. In addition to that, all courts have either exclusive or concurrent jurisdictio9n in any specific category of cases. An exclusive jurisdiction is a type of jurisdiction whereby only one court has the power to hear a case. On the other hand, concurrent jurisdiction is the kind of jurisdiction where more than one courts have the power to hear the case (Barbara, 2001). Other types of jurisdictions include original and appellate jurisdictions. All courts either have original or appellate jurisdiction. ... Appellate jurisdiction is where a court reviews the legal rulings of lower courts. Federal courts and state have restricted jurisdictions over many sectors of law and concurrent jurisdictions over areas of mutual interest. In other words, the federal courts have jurisdictions over cases concerning the federal government, laws, and constitution. Similarly, they have jurisdictions over civil cases that involve state law issues between different states having great damages (Garvin, 2002). The jurisdiction to preside a case is determined by the nature and the type of the case. For example a warehouse employee who worked for a company, injured his leg at work and pursued a worker compensation claim. Moreover, his employer's investigator trespassed upon the employee's property in the same company while trying to video the employee digging a trench in his backyard. If the employee filed a suit against the investigator and the company for invasion of privacy, he will do so in a court that has subject matter jurisdiction over wrongful trespass committed within the state, and in personam jurisdiction over employee, employer and investigator (Barbara, 2001). The federal courts, under the principle of pendant jurisdiction, may decide cases that involve both substantial federal issues and state law issues, when the facts and the parties are the same. References Barbara, A. (2001). Procedural justice and jurisdictions. New York: Springer. Garvin, A. (2002). The Justice Broker. Lawyers and Ordinary Ligation. New York: State University of New York Press. Q3 Identify what rights an offender has and how those rights are legally determined. Offenders' rights cover all phases of a

Trovan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Trovan - Essay Example Trovan of Pfizer, an unapproved drug, was administered in children at the hospital of Kano in 1996, which came to the public attention only in December 2000. Pfizer picked approximately 200 children for their clinical trial, of which 100 children were administered with Trovan whereas the other half was treated with the standard anti-meningitis drug Ceftriaxone that also acted as the control group. The children who were treated with Ceftriaxone, a cephalosporin antibiotic, were given an initial dosage level of 100 mg/kg dose which was subsequently reduced to 33 mg/kg to reduce the pain caused by intramuscular injection. These children, who had reached the hospital for their treatment of meningitis, were hand-picked randomly by the doctors of Pfizer. These children were also given tags to identify the drug they received. These two batches of children continued their treatment with Trovan and Ceftriaxone for five consecutive days and were monitored either in the hospital or out-patient clinics, depending on their health. Those children who required additional care were transferred to another hospital at the expense of Pfizer. The study was concluded after four weeks and a follow-up exam was conducted by Pfizer. The results at the end of the trial conducted at Kano IDH recorded a survival rate of 94.4% at Kanos IDH against the overall survival rate in Nigeria of 90%. However, this anti-meningitis trial treatment was not devoid of mortality issues. Five children out of 100 children treated with Trovan and six out of 100 children treated with the standard drug Ceftriaxone died after the treatment. Though the follow-up conducted by the Pfizer team reported that there were no unusual side-effects, unrelated to meningitis, the children treated with Trovan did develop symptoms of arthritis, though no evidence relating the drug to this development is available. Trovan was being developed for its

Sherlock Holmes Essay Essay Example for Free

Sherlock Holmes Essay Essay Arthur Conan Doyle has written a number of short stories about a fictional character called Sherlock Holmes and his trusted work mate Dr. Watson. Together they solve mysteries using the art of the reasoner and imaginative thinking. I have recently been studying the adventure of the speckled band among other short stories. Holmes is portrayed as an intelligent crime solver, with quick thinking skills and a sharp mind. We find straight away in the story that Dr. Watson and Holmes are good friends as Holmes wakes Watson up early especially because he thinks he would want to learn about the case right from the start. Holmes has an eye for detail, which we realise near the beginning of the story as he can clearly describe how the woman travelled to meet him, by the half return ticket and mud splatters on her jacket. The crime is a murder; set it the mansion belonging Dr. Grimesby Roylott in Stoke Moran. Dr. Roylott was in great debt and rented out most of his property to gypsies. He was a very lonely, bitter, miserable man. The murder is described by the victims sister, Helen Stoner, she saw her sister just before she died and experienced some of the strange things that happened to her sister on the night of her death, afraid and worried she turned to Holmes for his help. There are many suspects in this story, such as the gypsies, or the animals that the doctor kept in the grounds. But the prime suspect in this scenario was the doctor himself, he had the motive, if his daughters should marry then the money from their mothers will, would go to them. Therefore if they were to die before they got married the doctor would keep the money. It is an unusual murder because the room in which it took place was locked, with the windows closed and metal bars put there. On visiting the scene Holmes finds some peculiar abnormalities with the room, there is a bell- pull, which isnt fixed to a bell, just the ceiling. Also the bed is nailed to the floor and there is an air vent between this room and the doctors. Holmes also looked in the doctors room and found a bowl of milk on top of a safe also a small dog lead hung on the corner of the bed and tied to make a loop of whipcord. Holmes finds these clues using the art of the reasoner and his imaginative thinking, to work out how the previous murder happened and when the next was about to happen. Holmes also uses the art of the reasoner in another short story- Silver blaze, where the prize racing horse is stolen and its owner beaten to death in Kings Pyland, Holmes works out that it cant have been anyone other than John Straker or his wife, as no-one else could have made it so that curried mutton was the dinner for the stable boys, so as to hide the taste of the sleeping drug put in it. So that Straker could take the horse out of the stable at night, in order to harm the horse and fix the race. The murder weapon was an Indian snake; the doctor kept it in a safe, but whenever one of his daughters was to be married, he would let it out. It would make its way through the air vent; down the dummy bell- pull and onto the bed to kill whatever was lying bellow it. It was then called back with a whistle, to the doctors room and put back in the safe. The red herring in this story could be the cheetah and the baboon, as they could have come into the house and killed the girl, also the gypsies as there were some around at the time of the murder, and the before the victim died she said the speckled band which could have meant the spotted scarves they are often found wearing and a band of gypsies. The tension is built up when Holmes and Watson stay in Helen Stoners room to find out what killed her sister and could possibly kill her. As they sit in darkness listening to the night sounds outside, waiting for what they dont know at this stage, then Holmes realises that a snake has just entered the room and scares it off with a light. The twist in the tale is right at the end, when, because the snake is scared back through the ventilator, it gets confused and bites Dr. Roylott. So his greedy and malicious plan backfires, and he is killed. I chose to write about this story because I think that it has a lot of good points to describe, and it is a great, gripping story. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Conan Doyle section.

Leadership At Berkshire Hathaway And General Electric Commerce Essay

Leadership At Berkshire Hathaway And General Electric Commerce Essay Since, the researchers interest was the effects of diversification on two American Conglomerates (Berkshire Hathaway and General Electric). First, its important to look at why the researcher has chosen these two companies. Both companies have a wide range and diversity of product portfolios which are of particular interest. Following earlier research (Natter, Mild, Feurstein, Dorffner, Taudes, 2001; Krishnan Ulrich, 2001) the paper intends to narrow down area of focus to Berkshire Hathaway Inc and general Electric. Both companies are going against the trend of diversification, starting from the last decade the trend has been becoming less popular, but both corporations are still diversifying their business lines. Berkshire Hathaway currently has 80 businesses and one of the reasons for the companys success might be strong management, the CEO, Warren Buffett is a core resource for Berkshire Hathaway, he is known for buying excellent businesses at a price that make business sense. On the other hand, with so many businesses, diversification strategies might help companies in spreading market risks: adding products to the exiting lines of business can be viewed as analogous to an investor who invests in multiple stocks to spread the risks. Diversification into other lines of business can especially make sense when the core product market is uncertain, which is the case for Berkshire Hathaway and General Electric. 4.2. 2 Reasons for their success (Berkshire Hathaway and General Electric) In order to achieve higher performance, GE generates great results from the people and process. This combination unlocks GEs business breadth, revealing new paths to growth. The company has 2 councils that are responsible for achieving such high performance: The Commercial Council that drives the Companys growth initiative: Growth as a Process. This initiative has yielded record-setting organic revenue growth for the last three years (Annual report, 2008). They also have Leadership, Innovation and Growth team training program, all are meant to achieve the long-term profitability and success of the Conglomerate and to develop communications expertise to create new ideas and foster existing ones. Also there is the Operating Council which was formed in 2007, which consisted of leaders from engineering, supply chain, sourcing, finance, and product management. The goal of the council was clear: create a $1 billion funnel of ideas, and improve the Companys operating profit margin rate by 100 basis points to a world-class level of 18% (Annual report, 2008). Also, The Council is focused on lowering product costs, reducing overhead, countering inflation, turning inventory, and improving price. It is a forum to share best practices on topics such as productivity, simplification, sourcing, restructuring, quality, and new products -all critical disciplines in an increasingly competitive and global environment. The Council uses a common scorecard to measure progress across the company and spreads its success to all businesses. In addition, General Electric has been a leading source of corporate strategy concepts and innovations for more than half a century. The firm has been among the top five members of fortune magazines Americas Most Admired corporations since the listing began. Considering the research question in this project which is the reasons for the success of two American conglomerates through diversification strategy and their achievements, the researcher refers diversification as a growth strategy and both 9Berkshire Hathaway and General electric) are known for their wide range of businesses and their growth through acquisitions. Makron Associated identified several conglomerates with exceptional performance in terms of ten-year shareholder returns. Berkshire Hathaway and General electric were part of these identified firms. The common characteristics of these companies were: strict financial discipline, rigorous analysis and valuation, a refusal to overpay for acquisitions and a willingness to close or sell existing businesses (Kaye and Yuwono, 2003) However, the case against conglomerates can be overstated and there are certainly potential advantages to unrelated diversification in some conditions: Exploiting dominant logics, rather than concrete operational relationships, can be a source of conglomerate value creation. As at Berkshire Hathaway, a skilled investor such as Warren Buffett, the so-called Oracle of Omaha and one of the richest men in the world, may be able to add value to diverse businesses within his dominant logic (Prahalad and Betis, 1986, 1995). Berkshire Hathaway includes businesses in different areas of manufacturing, insurance, distribution and retailing, but Buffet focuses on mature businesses that he can understand and whose managers he can trust. During the e-business boom of the late 1990s, Buffet deliberately avoided buying high-technology businesses because he knew they were outside his dominant logic. Countries with underdeveloped markets can be fertile ground for conglomerates. Where external capital and labor markets do not yet work well, conglomerates offer a substitute mechanism for allocating and developing capital or managerial talent within their own organizational boundaries. For example, Korean conglomerates (the chaebol) were successful in the rapid growth phase of the Korean economy partly because they were able to mobilize investment and develop managers in a way that standalone companies in South Korea traditionally were unable to. Also, the strong cultural cohesion amongst managers in these chaebol reduced the coordination and monitoring costs that would be necessary in a Western conglomerate, where managers would be trusted less (Markides, 2002). The same may be true today in other fast-growing economies that still have underdeveloped capital and labor markets. General electric has operations in many underdeveloped countries, For example, in 2008; GE completed the Hamma Seawater Desalination Plant, the largest desalination plant in northern Africa, which provides 2 million Algerian residents with a reliable source of fresh drinking water every day. Through innovatory thinking and cutting-edge technologies from GEs Oil Gas and Power Water businesses, GE is able to solve some of the problems that Algeria faces under todays harsh climate, while helping to position them for a brighter tomorrow. Also, graduate students in US compete to get entry-level positions with diversified corporation such General electric and Berkshire Hathaway and this provides them opportunities like the hiring of high calibre of employees. Other General Electric Success reason is the corporations strong core values: which are the underlying principles that guide an organizations strategy. Collins and Porras (2002) have argued that the long- run success of many US corporates-such as General Electric and Disney can be attributed (at least in part) to strong core values. The company workers consider their culture as part of innovation, a culture that was built over decades by their leaders and which is still the unifying force for the many GE business units around the world. While, communicating the strategy is an important within a company: Both corporation communications should be focused on the key components of the strategy, avoiding unnecessary detail or complex language. For example, CEO jack Welchs famous statement that General electric should either be number one or number two in all its markets. This strategy clearly shows that General Electric is a company that always strives hard to be a dominant player wherever the company competed. On the other hand, some of the most important sources of value creation within diversified firms are the ability to apply common general management capabilities, strategic management systems, and resource allocations processes to different businesses. Such economies depend on the existence of strategic rather than Operational commonalities among the different businesses within the diversified corporation (Robins and wiersema, 2002). Berkshire Hathaway is involved in insurance, candy stores, furniture, kitchen knives, jewellery, and footwear. Despite this diversity, all these businesses have been selected on the basis of their ability to benefit from the unique style of management established by warren buffet and CEO Charles Munger. The essence of such strategic-level linkage is the ability to apply similar strategies, resource allocation procedures and control systems across the different businesses within the corporate portfolio (Grant, 1988). While, GE participates in a wide variety of markets including the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity (e.g. nuclear, gas and solar), lighting, industrial automation, medical imaging equipment, motors, railway locomotives, aircraft jet engines, and aviation services. It co-owns NBC Universal with Vivendi (Annual Report, 2008). With all these many business divisions General electric remains still successful. 4.2.3 How the shareholders value is enhanced as the firms product diversifies. With so many ups and downs of corporate diversification, financial researchers have been worried with its benefits and costs. Majority of the benefits of corporate diversification come all along with the advantages of internal capital markets over external financing. By avoiding transaction cost and additional cost of informational asymmetries diversified firms with a bigger internal capital market allow for a more efficient capital allocation (Chandler 1977, Stein 1997). Also there are other benefits such as risk reduction on corporate level for diversified firms: lower cash flow volatility may increase the debt capacity of the company and thereby the tax shield of debt without facing prohibitive cost of financial distress (Lewellen 1971). Additionally lower volatility helps to reduce underinvestment cost when external financing is not available or only at prohibitive cost (e.g. Stulz 1990). In addition, Berkshire Hathaway and general Electric are companies that create Value by acquiring companies at favorable prices, and they closely monitor their financial performance, and operate through an effective internal capital market. At general Electric, Jack Welch was an especially effective example of corporate initiatives as a means of driving organizational change. His initiatives were built around communicable and compelling slogans such as General Electric growth engine, boundarylessness; six-sigma quality and destroy -your business-dot-com. The research assumes that diversification is a means by which a firm expands from its core business into other product markets, and that is what the corporate management is actively engaged in, diversifying activities than ever before leading to a considerable amount of rise observed in diversified firms. As it was earlier stated, companies diversify for three main reasons, Growth, Risk reduction and Profitability in a simpler way. Normally, Growth and Risk reduction have been significant motives for diversification; they tend to be not consistent with the creation of shareholder value. Therefore, both general electric and Berkshire Hathaway had and still have the desire to grow. Berkshire has been acquiring and owning stakes in companies since early 70s. We clearly see from the companys timeline that the Berkshire continued growing through acquiring stakes in many companies. The latest acquisition was in February 2010 which was the Corporations purchase of the remaining shares of Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corporation for $26 billion, the companys biggest purchase ever. While General Electric has acquired Vital signs Inc for $860 in 2008 (Chicago Tribune, 2008) and it also announce in 2009 that it will buy out Vivendis stake in NBC Universal and sell a controlling interest of the company to Comcast, with General Electric retaining a 49 interest in joint venture (Goldman and Pepitone, 2009). With the Acquisitions history, Both Corporations have been growing and expanding their business with the objective of Maximizing Shareholder wealth. Referring back to the next motive for diversification which is the desire to spread risks To isolate the effects of diversification on risk, consider the case of pure or conglomerate diversification, where separate businesses are brought under common ownership but the individual cash flows of the business remain unaffected. As long as the cash flow of the different businesses are imperfectly correlated, then the variance of the cash flow of the combined businesses is less than the average of that of the separate businesses, Hence Diversification reduces risk. Both of the companies have engaged in numerous activities for decade, they have expanded their businesses. Rumelt (1974) discovered that companies that diversified into businesses closely related to their core activities were significantly more profitable than those that pursued unrelated diversification. According to Peters and Waterman (1982) Virtually every academic study has concluded that unchanneled diversification is losing proposition. This observation provided the basis for one of peters and watermans golden rules of excellence -stick to the knitting: Our principle finding is clear and simple. Organizations that do branch out but stick very close to their knitting outperform the others. The most successful are those diversified around a single skill, the coating and Bonding technology at 3M for example. The second group in descending order, comprise those companies that branch out into related fields, the leap from electric power generation turbines to jet engines from General electric. Least successful, as a general rule, are those companies that diversify into wide variety of fields. Acquisitions especially among this group tend to be wither on the vine (Peters and waterman, 1982). Finally, the research paper postulates that shareholder value is increased when companies diversified in related businesses, since they share capabilities and core resources across the businesses. And the growth of such (GE and Berkshire Hathaway) conglomerates might improve the companys profitability, since new related businesses means spreading of risks and increasing of profitability across each business segments. 4.2.4 The costs and benefits associated with undertaking product diversification. In order to find out the costs and benefits of product diversification, the research paper looks at: the relative costs and benefits of corporate diversification are likely to depend on how the different business activities of a firm are related to one another. Where separate business activities use a common, indivisible input, a diversified firm can exploit economies of scope. However, One of the benefits of diversification focuses on the presence of economies of scope in common resources: Economies of scope exist whenever there are cost savings from using a resource in multiple activities carried out in combination rather than carrying out those activities independently (Baumol, panzer and willig, 1982). Also Economies of scope can arise in finance, by combing an industrial company with a financial services company; General electric lowers its cost of capital to both sides of the company. Also, Economies of scope arise not just from tangible input like a common R D department or a common distribution system but also from intangible assets like brand names and production know-how. For instance, general electric has the fourth most recognized brand in the world, worth almost $48 billion (Business week, 2009). While businesses within diversified firms can therefore be related in at least one of two ways: They could be related either because they share markets, distribution systems, product and process technologies, or manufacturing facilities (Ansoff 1965, Rumelt 1974, Teece 1980), or because they rely on common technologies, managerial capabilities and routines and repertoires (Prahalad/Bettis 1986, Kazanjian/Drazin 1987, Winter 1987, Grant 1988). The use of these assets may be transferable at negligible marginal costs. For instance, General electric shares of its activities like RD and Distribution channels across its wide range of businesses. Also, the companies engage in lots of transaction costs and its very complicated to manage such businesses but in the end they reap Benefits of high returns from their activities. 4.2.5 The incentives Top management expect as companies diversifies In Berkshire Hathaway, managers are paid modest salaries and also receive very significant cash bonuses if performance goals are achieved. Buffett tailors the compensation plan to each business, based on its economics and competitive positioning. Managers are compensated for elements of the business that are directly under their control (such as growth and profitability of insurance contracts). Major emphasis is placed on the capability to return free cash flow to headquarters. The company does not grant equity-based awards because their value cannot be as closely correlated to performance as can cash bonuses (meaning: In terms of value realized rather than expected value on the grant date). Still, cash bonuses can reach extreme levels-tens of millions for superior performance. So, Here the compensation have no relation with the size of the Company and thus it doesnt matter for Berkshire Hathaway whether they have many diversified business or not but the main focus is Achieving the targets and High performance is highly rewarded However, on the contrary, Buffett and his vice-President Munger receive humble compensation. Their salaries are set at $100,000. They receive no bonuses, options, or restricted grants. Instead, their economic incentive is driven by direct holdings of company stock which they purchased with their own money in the 1960s. As of year-end 2009, the values of those holdings were $40 billion of Buffett and $1.3 billion for Munger. Similarly, board members receive insignificant fees for their services and are encouraged to purchase substantial sums of company stock with their own money. To sum up, Berkshires top management performance has no direct influence to how diversify businesses may be, Instead each manager is rewarded for the excellent achievement of his area of control. On the other hand, General electrics CEO, Mr. Immelt earns higher salary than Warren Buffet. Immelts Base salary is $3,300,000 plus Bonuses. While the managers are rewarded on the basis of a guiding principle of compensation program which ensures that the management has in place the right metrics and incentives, applied over the appropriate performance periods. The company rewards consistent performance and discourage short-term-oriented behaviour that may yield a single period of good results without regard for proper risk management or the long-term health of the business. The committee uses a mix of compensation that balances rewards for current and long-term performance. Performance metrics include growth in earnings per share, revenue, and cash flow. Managers believe this is the best way to stimulate innovation and ensure solid execution, while guaranteeing that risks are recognized and managed appropriately over the long term. Although they have fine-tuned compensation programs as conditions change, the management believe it is important to maintain consistency in the compensation philosophy and approach. There is also a recognition that value-creating performance by an executive or group of executives does not always translate immediately into appreciation in GEs stock price, particularly in periods of severe economic stress. Nonetheless, General Electric continues to reward such performances based on the firms belief that, over time, true value creation does translate into stock price appreciation. 4.2.4 Risks associated with the strategy of diversification Buffett is also primarily responsible for enterprise risk management. Risk oversight is not delegated to a committee or risk management function. According to Buffett, I regard myself as the chief risk officer at Berkshire. ( Berkshire Hathaway, Annual meeting 20080 The companys primary tool to mitigate enterprise risk is the delegation of responsibility to managers with proven skill and integrity. Munger explains : A lot of people think if you just had more process and more compliance, you could create a better result in the world. Well, Berkshire has had practically no process. We had hardly any internal audit until they forced it on us. We just try to operate in a seamless web of deserved trust and be careful whom we trust. (Wesco Financial, annual meeting 2007). Due to the global economic crisis was the failure of many executives and businesses the ability to understand and adequately manage and price risk. At GE, the corporation has strategies and management processes that effectively manage risk and maximize opportunities across its many businesses. Its process includes long-term strategic planning, executive development and evaluation, regulatory and litigation compliance reviews, environmental compliance reviews, GE Capitals corporate risk function and GEs senior level Corporate Risk Committee. And as a result of the current financial crisis; GE expects that managing risk will be even more important to competitive advantage and long-term success. The corporations executive compensation program is designed to reward those executives who demonstrate an ability to assess and manage risk effectively. At the same time as over the past year, General electric leaders have demonstrated the ability to identify risks and adapt strategies in order to protect the Company. GE acted quickly to improve liquidity, raise capital, and transform the financial businesses. The company has also exited businesses with unacceptable rates of risk-adjusted return. Similarly, Berkshire Hathaway believe that it is important to continue to reward those who demonstrate this disciplined ability to protect the firm;s businesses, but its only appropriate that certain components of compensation will decline during periods of economic stress and reduced earnings. Both General Electric and Berkshire Hathaway, have techniques to spread risks and overcome challenges and thus their activities of diversified businesses. As it was explained earlier, Berkshires CEO considers himself as a chief risk officer and while the managers of both corporations have responsibilities in reducing the risks involved in the activities under their control. In addition, both General electric and Berkshire Hathaway fits in the Prospector strategy of Miles and Snow. Since both firms have highly diversified businesses. This is the most aggressive of all the four strategies. It typically involves active programs to expand into new markets and stimulate new opportunities. Innovative product development is vigorously pursued and attacks on competitors are a common way of obtaining additional market share. The both corporations have a way to respond quickly to any signs of market opportunity, and they do so with little research. A large proportion of their revenue comes from new products or new markets. They are often highly leveraged sometimes with a substantial equity position held by venture capitalists. The risk of product failure or market rejection is high with the prospector strategy. Their market domain is constantly in flux as new opportunities arise and past product offerings atrophy. They value being the first in an industry, thinking that their first mover advantage will provide them with premium pricing opportunities and high margins. Price skimming is a common way of recapturing the cost of development. General Electric and Berkshire Hathaway are known for being opportunistic in headhunting key employees, both technical and managerial. Thus this explains why both firms spend so much on advertising, sales promotion, and their personal selling costs are a high percentage of sales. Typically firms who fit in the prospector strategy are structured with each strategic business unit having considerable autonomy. With Berkshire Hathaway trusting responsibility of business performance entirely in the hands of local managers and General Electric decentralising decisions within each business units, Risks might be reduced. And Firms in these industries tend to be in the introduction or growth stage of their life cycle with few competitors and evolving technology which also provides opportunities such as less competition to both companies Products. Example of GE acquired firms includes Vivendi in 2009,(which is a French international media conglomerate with activities ranging from filming, publishing, telecommunication, music, television and it also have Internet, and video games. The acquired firm had financial troubles due to over-expansion in the late 1990s and the early 2000s. In addition, General electric acquire Vital Signs Inc. for US$860 million in 2008 (Appendix 6.2, GE timeline). The acquired firm makes disposable medical products used to help patients during surgery to breath. Berkshire acquired several companies the last 2-3 years, for instance: the company purchased 80 percent stake in Iscar Metalworking for $4 billion in 2006, which was the firms first purchase of a foreign subsidiary. Johns Manville Corp, a business unit of Berkshire Hathaway Inc acquired Corbond Corp, a manufacturer of polyurethane spray foam insulation products in august 2009.

Fuedalism and the Organization of the Fuedal System Essay example -- e

When Charlemagne died in 814, Western Europe was left in chaos with no strong leaders or tribes able to provide the peace and stability necessary for civilization to advance. As a result there was no central government, no stable form of protection for people's life or property and so the people of Western Europe decided to turn to feudalism for that protection. Feudalism was a loosely organized system of rule in which powerful local lords divided their land among the lower lords. The Feudal System was introduced to England following the invasion and conquest of the country. The system had been used in France by the Normans from the time they first settled there in about 900AD. It was a simple, but effective system, where all land was owned by the King. One quarter was kept by the King as his personal property, some was given to the church and the rest was leased out under strict controls. Nobles are lords. The Noble’s role was to battle for power. Warfare was the way of life. They trained from boyhood to become a knight. Peasants made up most of the population. They work...

The Asian Financial Crisis Essay example -- Business Economics Globali

The Asian Financial Crisis Many economists have said that the growth experienced by Southeastern Asian countries during the 1980s and early 1990s was a "miracle." Japan, Malaysia, South Korea, Indonesia and other countries in the region experienced annual growth rates of over 7 percent. Along with this rapid growth, these countries also saw very little unemployment and an almost invisible wealth gap between the different social and economic classes of citizens. Circumstances have dramatically changed, however. In the summer of 1997, Southeast Asia experienced a time of great financial and economic turmoil. At first, the economic crisis was isolated in Thailand's financial sector, but it quickly spread to Malaysia, Indonesia and South Korea as well. The Prosperous Times It seems that Southeast Asia has always been able to turn bad times around and recover to end up as some of the strongest economies in the world. South Korea, for instance, was very weak and vulnerable after fighting a civil war with North Korea in 1953. However, between 1960 and 1990, the country experienced remarkable economic growth and recovery, and soon the world's 11th most powerful economy. Many other Southeast Asian countries had similar experiences. South Korea, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Singapore were previously known as the "Four Tigers" because of their fast and aggressive entry into the global marketplace. Other examples include Japan, Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand, each of which experienced rapid growth and prosperity in relatively short periods of time. In the U.S., the "Asian miracle" stirred up both awe and fear. This was especially so in the 1980s when Asian products became fierce competition for American products. Japan’s automobiles and electronics were rivaled U.S. products and caused much fear among producers in these U.S. markets. This competition, in part, led to a U.S. trade deficit. U.S. congress reacted by passing a number of trade regulations aimed at protecting U.S. industries. Southeast Asian governments engaged in acts that promoted certain industries and businesses. They provided them with tax credits or subsidies. These policies allowed Asian government leaders to pick the leading industries and helped to ensure their success rather than allow the free trade market to dictate such decisions. Thus, these countries had a power to control and dictate th... ...g-term effects are likely to be positive, at least when society as a whole is considered. As with all things, there will be winners and there will be losers. The hope of society is that the losers lose less than the winners win, and that the winner’s gains can be reciprocated to all involved. Bibliography: Bello, Walden. "The End of the Asian Miracle." The Nation. January 12/19, 1998: 16. Butler, Steven. "New Attitudes in Asia." U.S. News & World Report. December 29, 1997/January 5, 1998: 17. Hornik, Richard. "The Myth of the Miracle." Time. December 8, 1997: 40. Lacayo, Richard. "IMF to the Rescue." Time. December 8, 1997: 36. Lee, Charles. â€Å"The Next Domino?† Far Eastern Economic Review. November 20, 1997: 14-16. Richburg, Keith. "SE Asians Call for Help as Currencies Plunge." Washington Post. December 16, 1997: A1. Internet Sources http://www.stern.nyu.edu/~nroubini/asia/AsiaHomepage.html. What Caused Asia's Economic and Currency Crisis and Its Global Contagion? Nouriel Roubini http://www.ids.ac.uk/ids/publicat/dp367.html. The East Asian Financial Crisis: A Reflection on its Causes, Consequences and Policy Implications. IDS Discussion Paper 367. Stephany

Susan Brownell Anthony Essay -- Biography Biographies Essays Women Suf

Susan Brownell Anthony: The Mother of America If the Majority of this nation agrees that George Washington was the founding father of America, then Susan B. Anthony would have to be the founding mother of America. She was the ultimate leader in the woman's suffrage movement. The Suffrage movement started around 1840 and in a way, it still continues today. Women have only been voting for 84 years (in America) while men could vote from the start of civilization. In her time, women were not allowed to have anything under their name from the moment they were born. If anything had the potential to be theirs, it would instead legally be their father?s or male guardian?s until she was married. Even then, the object would be given to her husband because women were not considered to be worthy of such things. There was only one college in the whole world that admitted women and women doctors and lawyers were unheard of. Although women are still not treated with complete equality, the constitution fuly supports their right to defend themse lves. If the 19th amendment was not created in 1920, then it would have taken that much longer for women to gain respect. Susan B. Anthony revolutionized America?s outlook on women of all colors; without her, women would not have attained complete enfranchisement in 1920. Susan was born on February 15, 1820 in Adams, Massachusetts to Daniel and Lucy Anthony. She could read and write at the age of five and learned arithmetic even though most other girls weren?t allowed to. She continued her education at Miss Deborah Moulson?s Select Seminary for Females and became the assistant principal of a boarding school in New Rochelle (Untermeyer 61). When she succeeded a man to work as a teacher, after havin... ...or giving them every right that men have been given. There are a few people who still discriminate women, but because women have rights, they are forced to accept the equality of women regardless of their opinion. Works Cited Burns, Ken. ?Our Big Time.? American Heritage. Nov 1999: 98. Kowalski, Kathiann. ?Cady Stanton and Anthony Friends Fighting for the Cause.? Cobblestone. March 2000: 14. Stansell, Christine. ?The Road from Seneca Falls: the Feminism of the Mothers, the Feminism of the Daughters, the Feminism of the Girls.? The New Republic. 10 Aug. 1998: 26-38. Susan B. Anthony. Thompson Gale. 9 Feb 2004 . ?Susan B. Anthony: Women?s Suffrage Movement.? Monkeyshines on America. May 1997: 28. Untermeyer, Louis. Makers of the Modern World. New York: Simon and Schuster, Inc., 1955.

Examining the Use of Social Media and Its Impact on Corporate

Title Examining the Use of Social Media and Its Impact on Corporate Commerce Assessment A, Part One – Evaluating the Pros and Cons of Different Social Media Sites Identify the pros and cons for each site. Blogger Con: Security – possible transmission of untrustworthy links Blogger Con: Too much information – public disclosure Blogger Con: Ability to post relevant, up-to-the-minute news and updates Blogger Pro: Ability to create a community Blogger Pro: Ability to incorporate elements of other social media sitesBlogger Pro: Mass customization – widespread use among target audience Blogger Pro: Ability to receive instant feedback from product demographics Digg Con: Not relevant to the niche audience Digg Con: Ability to receive instant feedback from product demographics Digg Con: Mass customization – widespread use among target audience Digg Con: Instant communication to large groups Digg Pro: Media convergence – showing text, screen shots, vid eos Facebook Con: Limited visual presentation of productFacebook Con: Ability to filter comments via an approval mechanism Facebook Con: Security – possible transmission of untrustworthy links Facebook Pro: Ability to create a community Facebook Pro: Ability to incorporate elements of other social media sites Facebook Pro: Mass customization – widespread use among target audience Facebook Pro: Instant communication to large groups Facebook Pro: Ability to receive instant feedback from product demographics Facebook Pro: Mobility – viewing on a cell photo adds to the audienceFacebook Pro: Ability to post relevant, up-to-the-minute news and updates Facebook Pro: Media convergence – showing text, screen shots, videos Flickr Con: Limited access from target audience Flickr Con: Ability to receive instant feedback from product demographics Flickr Con: Mass customization – widespread use among target audience Flickr Pro: Not a good way to build buzz in the beginning Flickr Pro: Limited visual presentation of product Metacafe Con: Ability to receive instant feedback from product demographicsMetacafe Con: Instant communication to large groups Metacafe Con: Ability to receive instant feedback from product demographics Metacafe Pro: Media convergence – showing text, screen shots, videos Twitter Con: Ability to filter comments via an approval mechanism Twitter Con: Character Limits Twitter Con: Limited visual presentation of product Twitter Con: Security – possible transmission of untrustworthy links Twitter Con: Ability to receive instant feedback from product demographics Twitter Pro: Instant communication to large groupsTwitter Pro: Mobility – viewing on a cell photo adds to the audience Twitter Pro: Ability to post relevant, up-to-the-minute news and updates Twitter Pro: Ability to receive instant feedback from product demographics YouTube Con: Ability to filter comments via an approval mechanism YouTube Con: Secu rity – possible transmission of untrustworthy links YouTube Pro: Ability to incorporate elements of other social media sites YouTube Pro: Mass customization – widespread use among target audience YouTube Pro: Media convergence – showing text, screen shots, videosAssessment A, Part Two – Examining the Use of Social Media and its Impact on Corporate Commerce Recommend which social media site Master Dynasty should be launched on. Blog, Twitter, and Facebook. Assessment B – Examining the Use of Social Media and its Impact on Corporate Commerce How can social media sites help us build our brand? Centralizing social site, and create links to our other sites will build up our brand. How can we best reach our target audience? Gather our quality followers instead of quantity, we can choose our niche in our target audience based on profiles.How can it help our corporate commerce to show our audience that we're human beings? Show audience we are not just here to sell, but are gamers to. How does social media help give people a reason to buy from us? Targeting relevant customers and marketing our brand turns selling into participating online community. How can we use customer comments to improve our corporate commerce? By helping, us keep our customers happier by responding to their individual needs after receiving instant feedbacks of comments and posts. Â © 2011 Toolwire, Inc. All rights reserved.

Open and Closed Source Systems

Open and Closed Source System POS 355 Open Source Operating Systems The following paper will discuss open source and closed source computer systems that are used in today’s technology world. These systems are available with licensing rights as well as with the source coding available for use. Computer software that is available with the source coding for redistribution is known as Open Source Software (OSS). The computer software source code contains all of the modifications and the works needed for redistribution.The licensing of the open source software allows the users to learn more about the software by upgrading, modifying, and making any necessary changes to the software without costing the user any money. The open source software also provides the user the ability to share out the software without any costs being involved. Currently there is variety of open source software available for users in the technology environments. These categories of software are but not limit ed to server software, operating systems, application software, and programming language software.There are many items under each category of software. For example, application software contains web browsers such as Mozilla Firefox, Office Suite for office applications, and 7-zip for decompressing zip files. Some operating systems that are included are Linux and Android OS. Closed Source Operating Systems In today’s technology environments, there are types of software that restrict the user’s ability to broaden the software use in many different environments. Closed source software is also known as propriety software.This software is only available without the source code and is licensed under limited rights, which is provided only by the copyright owner of the software. The purchaser of the closed source software is authorized to use the software without the ability to modify, upgrade, update, or make any necessary changes while utilizing software. The propriety softw are is typically only owned by a single organization that possesses the only legal rights needed to modify the software use.The only method of making any changes to the software would be to purchase a change of any type directly from the copyright holder. In other words, the proprietary software is the property of the owner / developer / publisher that cannot be copied or modified, with an appropriate price and need to comply the license agreement (National Taiwan University, 1991). These types of changes in most cases are very costly and are not an everyday occurrence. There are many examples of closed source systems.These examples are but not limited to Microsoft Server 2000, Windows XP, and Microsoft Windows 7. Most computer systems today are solely operated by some sort of propriety software. In conclusion, Today there is various uses for many types of software systems in all networking machines. Prior to purchasing system software, one must be educated on the type of software t hat is being purchased. Lack of education on software may cause issues if changes to system software are needed later on down the road.If a user needs to be able to make changes to their software, the user will have to have purchased open source software in the beginning. If no changes will ever be needed, closed source software will be sufficient for their system. References Stallings, W. (2012). Operating systems: Internals and design principles (7th ed. ). Boston, MA: Prentice Hall. Open Source Initiative. (n. d). The Open Source Definition. Retrieved from: http://opensource. org/docs/osd

Employee Empowerment Essay

Employee empowerment is one of the management practices in today’s corporate business environment. It is a habit of allocating ideas, profit, recognition and control the costs with employees. According to the management theory of Kanter, mentioned by Rodriguez (2011) that by sharing power it will not only improve personal job satisfaction but also benefit the organization as a whole. The involvement and participation will allow them to gain greater job satisfaction and more committed to the organization’s goal (Lashley 2001). However, this management style also has some drawbacks like all leadership styles. One of the most important benefits of employee empowerment is the improvement in productivity in an organization. Employees who are empowered are more dedicated to the organization because of their active engagement. They are more responsible for the outcomes of their action, and better able to achieve job demands in an effective manner. In fact, commitment, accounta bility and the intention of fulfilling job demands are the qualities of an empowered employee (Kelleher, 2013). A satisfied employee will do their job successfully and also meet their personal target. Furthermore their responsible actions will make the success for the company and fulfil mutual commitment. That means by meeting personal targets the organisations economy is also boosted (Watson 2012). Engaged employees are dedicated to their job and have enthusiasm about their responsibility that means they love to do their duty. Another benefit is that empowered employee can have a great contribution to reduce the costs for an organization.For example, when employees have the authority to deal with customer complaints when they occur, and have the freedom to suggest a solution to the problem, that makes the employees self sufficient. This is efficient as it has less reliance on higher management approval (The Saylor foundation 2014). As a result, the organization encourages the employees to think creatively and critically which will allow them to communicate with their colleagues regarding the related problems and share innovative ideas, so it can cuts the cost of training and any overhead costs in some cases (Lashley 2001). For instance, a problem which can be easily solved by an empo wered employee could in other circumstances end up in court or compensation which could cost a lot of money for the company. The efficient use of resources by the employees can also reduce the cost. Even so, the work environment has a significant effect on how effective the employees can use the resources (Lashley 2001). The  three main desired aspects of work environment are, namely: undisturbed environment, easy accessibility and sufficient appropriate equipment to perform their job. For instance, comparing to construction work where people need protective uniforms for their job, in business there must have a computer network with Wi-Fi. These will make the employees independent and maximize the productivity of the company. The employees fell valuable and important, so there will be long-term employees who are loyal to the organization and this will reducing employee turnover costs (Owen.et.al.2014). However, the three main areas of concern regarding employee empowerment are as follow. Firstly, in a time of changing ownership or uncertain situation, it could make the decision making process lengthy (HE ATHFIELD 2014) because the rules and regulations can be different from previous as either the new management is coming or the condition is unstable where company might close down. Secondly, it could drive to disorder because the empowered employees have different solutions (HEATHFIELD 2014) for the same problem which may breach conduct according to the company policy. Thirdly, by empowering the employees the private information of the company become unprotected, this could damage the company if exposes because of the personal greed of the employees (HAMLIN 2014) while the information might be valuable to the competitors or it can create embarrassment. Though there are some disadvantages of employee empowerment, the increasing productivity and cost effectiveness can make this management style desirable for employees to work and mangers to control. Throughout the following paragraph the roles of mangers in past and present , will be discussed and how modern managers can apply these roles to find a possible solution for the problems faced by empowered environment. The role of the manager varies from company to company and time to time. However, the main responsib ilities are planning, organising, delegating, observing and evaluating (MURRAY 2014). In the past, the traditional style of management was disciplined and strictly following a chain of command. It was driven by the power of order(Gollakota,2014),but it has been developed over time.The modern managers support empowerment because it develops product and services more effectively, increases the satisfaction with colleagues, and overall it leads to create a unique place of work with advanced performance capabilities. SOURCE By applying these management skills modern managers can be able to make solutions for the  problems of employee empowerment.Fon instance, in a case where the ownership due to change and the situation is unstable,the modern managers can assure the employees about management support to recover the difficulties.Also,the managers should be able to make an adjustment(Liraz,2014) about the changes so that the employees are always up to date with the situation and sufficient training has been given to manage the situation with confidence. In an empowered environment where the solutions from employees varies from customers to customers, a modern manager can be mor e communicative about sharing the innovative thoughts and ideas by organizing frequent staff meetings with feedback.As a result, the employees are known from their colleagues about all the possible solutions to complains made by customers and also customers will have a choice. Also, there will not have any misunderstanding between the customers about the received solution from a company.Furthermore,though it seems impossible to protect a company’s secret information modern managers can use their initiatives with the help of technology.Such as, a special type of software called â€Å"content management† allows the employees to access the data according to the length of employment, to add on, DLP-Data Loss Prevention can be used for inspecting sensitive outgoing data in a company’s network (FORD 2011). Overall, due to the protection of data managers can closely monitor the activities of the empowered employees and also can make a law which will not allow to bring the personal technologies at work so it could ensure the safety of company’s secret information. There are different ways of developing the employees. For example, Managers have to be passionate about their job (SCHAPPEL 2013) because if they do not show any attention or spirit, they will not be able to motivate the employees to contribute to the targets. Also, managers should always have appreciation for the employees so the employees feel they are valuable to the company.HEATHFIELD (2014) states, as an employee they wish respect and favour to support their thinking. So managers should give recognition for an achievement, but if employees are likely to follow a wrong direction managers can resolve that with a positive attitude. Furthermore, HEATHFIELD(2014) says, managers could involve the employees in the decision making.For example, promotions of new product, or improvement meetings, which will make them feel more involved than in their usual job responsibility.Furthermore Schappel (2013) emphasised on how the  mangers can make the work place comfortable for the employees t o work .After allocating the task managers can observe the progress, also give guidance and support if needed. The managers can share the target and forecast with the employees. As they could have a better idea not only to support and share the target but also a possible solution for overcoming any difficulties that could occur. Moreover, by sharing thoughts they can make it achievable as a team (HEATHFIELD 2014) (SCHAPPEL 2013). To empower the employees is not an easy task because it needs a atmosphere of belief and cooperation from the management of a company ( Quast,2011).Also management should have the practice of welcoming any failure from the employees so that the lessons will help others in future development. Employee empowerment is considered to be the best way to keep customers satisfied, because the employees have the authority to take a possible solution for a situation and their main priority to keep the customer satisfied 11 (Quast,2011).Though this management style can be time consuming for some organizations because of the traditional frame of management and also the dependenc e on managers for every instruction,however, the creativity, teamwork,communication and innovative ideas from an empowered employee can help to achieve success and challenges from competitors. No referencein conclusion Reference list: 1.RODRIGUEZ, P,F. , 2011. Management Theory of Rosabeth Moss Kanter: Understanding Kanter’s Change model to benefit your company [online]. [viewed 21 April 2011]. Available from: http://www.business.com/management/management-theory-of-rosabeth-moss-kanter/ 2.LASHLEY,C.2004.Empowerment.Burlington.Elsevier Butterworth Heinemann 3.Kelleher.B.2013.Who’s sinking your boat? [Online video].[Viewed 24 Aug 2014]. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y4nwoZ02AJM 4 Watson.K.,2012.How Employee Engagement Can Boost Profits[online].[viewed 23 march 2012].Available from: http://www.yoursmallbusiness.co.uk/how-employee-engagement-can-boost-profits.html 5. THE SAYLOR FOUNDATION.,The Benefits Of Empowering Employees [online].Available from: http://www.saylor.org/site/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/BUS208-5.2-The-Benefits-of-Empowering-Employees-FINAL.pdf 6 Owen E and Richason IV.2014. What Are the Benefits of Practicing Employee Involvement & Empowerment?[online]. Available from: http://smallbusiness.chron.com/benefits-practicing-employee-involvement-empowerment-1842.html 7.Kristen Hamlin,2014.The Pro & Cons of Empowerment in an Organization.Available from: http://smallbusiness.chron.com/pro-cons-empowerment-organization-13397.html 8. MURRY,A.2014. What do Managers do? (The wall street journal)[online](Europe Edition)Available from: http://guides.wsj.com/management/developing-a-leadership-style/what-do-managers-do/# 9. Gollakota.S.2014.Traditional Vs Mode rn Management – Matrix Organization [online].Available from: http://www.citehr.com/200930-traditional-vs-modern-management-matrix-organization.html 10. Liraz.M.2014. How To Develop A Strategic Plan.[Online].Available from: http://www.bizmove.com/general/m6c.htm 11.Ford,J.,2011.The Leaky Corporation.[Online].[Viewed 24th February].Available from: http://www.economist.com/node/18226961 12. Susan M. Heathfield(2014). Top 10 Principles of Employee Empowerment[online].Available from: http://humanresources.about.com/od/managementandleadership/tp/empowerment.htm 13. SCHAPPEL.C.2013. 7 actions that create more effective managers.[Online].[Accessed 24 December 2013]. Available from: http://smartblogs.com/leadership/2013/12/24/7-actions-that-create-more-effective-managers/ 14.QUAST,L.2011. 6 Ways To Empower Others To Succeed. Online]. [Accessed:28 February 2011] .Available from: http://www.forbes.com/sites/lisaquast/2011/02/28/6-ways-to-empower-others-to-succeed/ AUOBLC. 2012. Overview of Kanter’s Theory on Structural Empowerment [online]. Available from: http://structuralempowerment.weebly.com/kanters-theory.html FORD, J. 2011. The Leaky Corporation. [Online]. [Viewed 24th February]. Available from: http://www.economist.com/node/18226961 KELLEHER, B. 2013. Who’s sinking your boat? [Online video].[Viewed 24 Aug 2014]. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y4nwoZ02AJM LASHLEY, C . 2004. Empowerment.Burlington.Elsevier Butterworth Heinemann HEATHFIELD, S, M. 2014. Top 10 Principles of Employee Empowerment [online]. Available from: http://humanresources.about.com/od/managementandleadership/tp/empowerment.htm

Rhetorical Analysis of Fdr’s First Fireside Chat

A Rhetorical Analysis of Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s First Fireside Chat President Franklin Roosevelt’s â€Å"First Fireside Chat† is a reassuring piece that inspired the nation in a time of need using his voice that projected his personal warmth and charm into the nation’s living rooms to explain the banking crisis. He slowly and comprehensibly informed the American people on what has been done and to explain the complex banking system while using rhetorical appeals of ethos, logos, and pathos to effectively restore American faith in the United States government and banking system.Roosevelt won the 1932 election after a landslide victory over his predecessor Herbert Hoover. At this time, America was going through one of the toughest times inside its own borders ever: The Great Depression. Roosevelt's First Fireside Chat on March 12, 1933 marked the beginning of a series of 30 radio broadcasts to the American people reassuring them the nation was going to recover as he shared his hopes and plans for the country. Roosevelt was simply telling the people what he was doing and why.This level of intimacy with politics made people feel as if they too were part of the administrations decision-making process and many soon felt that they knew Roosevelt personally and most importantly, they grew to trust him. Only eight days after his inauguration, President Roosevelt took to the air waves to let Americans know how the country was doing. Millions gathered around their radios to listen in. The President explained to the country in simple terms why so many banks had failed and why he had decided to close them down on March 6 (the so-called â€Å"bank holiday†.He then described the measures that Congress was taking to make sure that a banking crisis would not happen again. Roosevelt used ethos multiple times in his speech to establish his credibility and honesty. After his introduction Roosevelt told America, â€Å"And I know that when yo u understand what we in Washington have been about, I shall continue to have your cooperation as fully as I have had your sympathy and your help in the past week. This was an effective use of ethos because he draws the distinction between conventional knowledge and new insight that he provides throughout his speech. Another example of effective ethos can be found towards the end of his speech when Roosevelt told America, â€Å"I hope you can see, my friends, from this essential reticle of what your Government is doing that there is nothing complex, nothing radical in the process. † This summed up the knowledge he shared in the banking system and instilled a sense of integrity in the government.Throughout the chat Roosevelt used his knowledge to teach the American banking system and explained thoroughly what went wrong while using some of the most commonly words in the English dictionary, which appealed to a large audience that effectively established personal credibility. Alo ng with ethos, Roosevelt used logos in his speech to successfully show that his plans for America were logical and reasonable. Roosevelt used logos to logically organize his speech to effectively inform America of the Emergency Banking Act and his possible solutions.Roosevelt told America at the beginning of his speech, â€Å"I want to tell you what has been done in the last few days, and why it was done, and what the next steps are going to be. † Roosevelt starts with this sentence because little hope and despair fill American hearts who need explanations for the failure of banks and Roosevelt comes out right away with what he’s about to say. The way Roosevelt structured the speech with upfront communication portrayed him as a very organized and upfront leader.Also in the beginning of his speech he says â€Å"First of all let me state the simple fact that when you deposit money into a bank, the bank does not put the money in a safe deposit vault. † Following th is quote he states exactly what is done with your money and why. Roosevelt used logic to make a statement that everyone can agree with and relate to provide a sense of unity. Roosevelt used logos throughout his speech to show Americans that he is both logical and reasonable.On top of logos, Roosevelt’s most effective rhetorical appeal in his first fireside chat is pathos. He appeals to pathos the most throughout the speech because he wants the concerned citizens to feel comforted. He explains towards the end, â€Å"After all, there is an element in the readjustment of our financial system†¦ and that is the confidence of the people themselves†¦ it is up to you to support and make it work. † This is where he makes the people feel important that draws attention to the audience’s desires to make it out of the banking crisis.Immediately after he inspires in unity as he concludes â€Å"It is your problem, my friends, your problem no less than it is mine. To gether we cannot fail. † Roosevelt used inclusive and emotional language such as â€Å"my friends†, â€Å"we†, and â€Å"together† while referencing to what Americans desire in their future, which made people want to act. Roosevelt used pathos effectively throughout his speech to draw attention to the desires, emotions, and beliefs of the audience.Shortly after Roosevelt was inaugurated on March 4, 1933, Roosevelt addressed a worried nation over radio broadcast in his First Fireside Chat that brought his charm and personal warmth into living rooms. With his effective use of pathos, ethos, and logos his rhetorical appeals helped describe the crisis, restore American confidence and faith, and lay out solutions that he is going to use to fix the problem. Worried and impoverished Americans cherished a voice of hope that called for action when leadership meant the most during the worst economic times our country has faced. Word Count: 974

Kertesz and Cartier-Bresson versus Smith and Salgado Essay

Kertesz and Cartier-Bresson versus Smith and Salgado - Essay Example Salgado and Smith’s photographs seemed to always appear a little bit more obvious, like portraits. The photos are more scripted and it appears that they manipulate their subjects so that they could enhance their photographs to better tell the story. However, in the sense of journalism, it is questionable whether or not it is ethical to tell a story through photographs in methods that are ‘staged’ to be a little bit different than real life. All four photographers were able to capture a story and display a type of emotion with their subject. After evaluating the techniques, if these photographers were photojournalists, it is more ethical to capture a moment as it happens when true emotion is elicited and showing how something really is as it happens. Cartier-Bresson and Kertesz were better at this method because Salgado and Smith’s photography seemed to be too fake or staged rather than capturing a moment truly as it

War on Terror Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

War on Terror - Research Paper Example War on Terror The interest that this author had in joining the military began when as a senior at Whetstone High School in Columbus, Ohio. During the autumn of 1988, Eddie Johnson, a former classmate, came home from Marine Boot Camp and visited the school. Standing tall in the hallway Eddie was shaking hands with all the teachers and students commanding the space around him with ease and confidence I had not seen from him previously. It was amazing to see the Principal; standing beside him beaming proudly. Eddie had just completed 8 weeks of hell at Parris Island, SC and he was looking fit, and trim in his shiny new Marine Uniform. One glance at him it was apparent that those same qualities which Eddie displayed should be exhibited in more young men. As this author compared himself to Eddie, it became clear and apparent that if he could endure and carry on through such hardships and trials, so too could anyone determined to succeed. Shortly after that day, this author mustered up the inner courage and went and talked to the Marine Recruiter and signed up. Two weeks after that point in time, graduation from high school had taken place and the long and difficult path of becoming a Marine lay ahead. From entering boot camp a young know-it-all and emerging a hardened warrior forged by blood, sweat and tears, it became apparent that United States Marines must value the rights and desires of others above their own. In this way, the development of an appreciation for guarding and providing the frontline of defense became to be born. Yet serving one’s country is not just a decision that is right only for this author; rather, serving our country should be vitally important to every citizen. The war on terror knows no bounds and is being fought each and every day on our soil as well as abroad. The struggle between radical Islamic sectarian beliefs and the principles of free societies have been on a collision course for quite some time now. Due to the fact that so many fanatics believe so strongly that their narrow-minded interpretation of religion is the â€Å"true† and â€Å"right† way, a glut of active and willing volunteers from many of the most poverty stricken regions of the planet has come to exist. Many nations that are controlled by radical elements of fundamentalist Islam practice cultural and ideological hegemony in these countries; thereby having a low tolerance towards different religions or views being practiced of promoted. In order to gain further control, many of these radical fundamentalists have splintered off and chose to use terrorism to achieve their ideological goals. Many American have always taken the concepts introduced by the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, or the Bill of Rights for granted; believing that â€Å"all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness†. This belief has often come with a level of comfort that we are safe; that everyone likes our country and most importantly that bad things do not happen to good people because we have a right to be happy. This sheltered and wholesome belief system, although admirable, was shaken to its very core within the recent past. On September 11,